From February 2016 through September 2023, RBC failed to develop and implement an anti-money laundering (AML) compliance program reasonably designed to detect and cause the reporting of suspicious transactions, in violation of FINRA Rules 3310(a), 3310(f)(ii) and 2010. For these violations, RBC is censured and fined $275,000.

Cooper refused to appear for on-the-record testimony requested pursuant to FINRA Rule 8210. As a result, he violated FINRA Rules 8210 and 2010 and is barred from associating with any FINRA member in all capacities.